Nagoya Journal of Medical Science

To investigate the effectiveness of intravascular chemotherapy, the rats implanted with two different sizes and ages of Yoshida sarcoma into the liver were treated with Mitomycin-C through either the hepatic artery or the portal vein. The administration of Mitomycin-C was effective by both arterial and portal routes on the rats bearing small young tumor, whereas it was effective only by arterial route on the rats bearing large developed tumor. Tumor regression was also observed on the rats bearing the tumor after ligation of the hepatic artery.
Further, to observe the relationship between tumor growth and its blood supply, microangiography was performed by injection of AgI colloid through the hepatic artery and the portal vein. The branches of the hepatic artery flourished around the tumor at the 4th day after implantation and gradually entered into the tumor area at the 6th day. Thereafter, tumor area was occupied by the arterial branches and later the branches were occluded by the progressive growth of tumor. On the other hand, the branches of the portal vein were obliterated earlier than those of the hepatic artery and at the 5th day no branches were observed in the tumor area.
These vascular changes are closely related to tumor growth, so that special regard should be paid to the change of the blood supply when chemotherapeutic agents are given.

The urinary amino acid patterns in parents of four cystine stone formers were investigated in order to determine the genetic types of the cystinuric families. The concentrations of urinary cystine, lysine, arginine and ornithine in the subjects were compared with those in heterozygotes of cystinuria reported by Harris and Rosenberg.
All of the subjects except one who excreted the amino acids in the range between normal individuals and incompletely recessive carriers showed the characteristics of incompletely recessive heterozygotes defined by Harris.
The urinary amino acid values of the subjects lay with a wide overlap in the extent between type I and type III heterozygotes, or type III and type II heterozygotes defined by Rosenberg. One individual excreted the compounds in a more extensive range which included all of the three groups of heterozygotes.

Metabolic rate (M), tissue conductance (k), rectal (T_rs ) and mean skin temperature (T_s ) were measured in normal (CONT) and cold acclimated (CA) rabbits after steady state for a given ambient temperature (T_α) from 5 to 35°C. Below T_α=15°C, T_rs of CONT decreased considerably, while T_rs of CA was maintained within a normal range. The rate of change in T_s for each degree change in T_α (below T_α=15°Cl) was smaller in CA. M, always higher in CA than in CONT at any T_α, increased more than twice the basal value (2.54 W/kg±0.06 SE for CONT and 2.85 W/kg±0.07 SE for CA at T_α=25°C) during cold exposure (T_α= 5°C). Though k was relatively constant at T_α=25-5°C, it increased considerably at T_α=35°C. The value for CA was higher than that for CONT at any T_α. Perfusion of norepinephrine (NE, 3 μg/kg·min for 30-min) in curarized rabbits caused bradycardia, which was more conspicuous in CONT. NE caused an increase in M (ca. 18%) in CA without any change in CONT (p<0.01). The increase in M was not limited to the duration of NE perfusion. NE did not change body temperatures except for slight rise of T_s in CA. During cold exposure, body temperatures decreased continuously in the curarized rabbits. M increased slightly during the initial 30-40 min of cold exposure in CA. The results confirmed that the rabbit acclimates to cold by enhancing nonshivering thermogenesis mediated by NE, as well as by improving insulation.

Occlusion after reconstructive vascular surgery in the peripheral vessels is supposed to be caused by thrombus formation due to hemodynamic changes at anastomotic sites. Flow patterns which are changed at anastomotic sites due to alteration of vascular lumen or flow course are observed in this study. Since vascular anastomotic site easily fell into constriction, special attention was given to flow through stenotic orifices and through branched tubes for a study of bypass graft in this study.
The mixture of glycerin and water was made to have approximately the same viscosity and specific gravity as the blood. Fine aluminum powder was added to this mixture in order to demonstrate flow lines. The solution was made to run in glass tubes which modify vascular stenosis and bypass graft. Slide projectors were used to pass the light through a slit properly focused upon the flow, the flow field could be visualized and flow patterns were observed.
Eddy and stagnation zones were formed in the marginal areas of the poststenotic regions and at the junction of bifurcation in the main tube in which flow was not running.
The glass models were attached extracorporeally to the canine abdominal aorta to observe the sites of thrombus formation. Thrombus was prominently attached in the areas of stagnation and eddy currents as observed above.
The experiments brought about a result that vascular reconstruction should be made without stenosis and the space of non-flowing at bypass graft.