The Influence of Hyper- and
Hypothyroid States on the Incidence
of 3-Methylcholanthrene-induced
Tumor in DDY Mice
MOTOHIRO OHKOSHI, AKIHIRO YAMAGUCHI,
AKIO NAGASAKA, KATSUMI IWASE
and NORIYUKI NIHEI
pg(s) 1 - 3
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In female DDY mice, the incidence of 3-methylcholanthreneinduced skin tumors was increased in the
hypothyroid state produced by the administration of Endojodin or l-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole (p <
0.01) and decreased in the hyperthyroid state produced by L-thyroxine administration (p < 0.05)
compared with controls. The calorigenic effect or the direct action of thyroid hormones may correlate
with tumor induction in mice.
An Experimental Study of
Delay Phenomenon
-Attempts at Increasing the Survival
Length of Skin Flaps by Use of
Teflon Sheet
MINORU UEDA, TOSHIO KANEDA, SHUHEI TORII
and TOHRU OKA
pg(s) 5 - 10
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An experiment was performed on the delay effect and flap survival in the rat. When the flap was delayed
with a teflon sheet, there was greater improvement of vascularity and flap survival than in the group that
was delayed without the use of a teflon sheet.
Biosynthesis of Various Steroids
in vitro by Isolated Adrenal Cells
in Primary Aldosteronism,
Cushing's Syndrome,
and Adrenogenital Syndrome due to
Adrenocortical Adenoma
SHIGERU MIZUNO and HIROOMI FUNAHASHI
pg(s) 11 - 22
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To a further understanding of the role of steroid hormones in adrenal disorders, we have prepared free
cell system of adrenal cells, using adrenal tissues that had been removed by operation from (i) cases of
Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocortical adenoma or adrenocortical hyperplasia, (ii) a case of primary
aldosteronism, and (iii) a patient with virilizing adrenal tumor. Twelve important steroid hormones were
measured, such as pregnenolone, cortisol and aldosterone, which were produced by these cells. Adrenal
glands removed from the cases of advanced breast cancer were used for the measurement of steroids as a
control. No organic lesions were confirmed in these adrenal glands. An investigation as to what
characteristics the adrenal cells with various disorders show, had been carried out by examining the
patterns of their steroid hormone production. The results were as follows: It was not the case that
adenoma cells of each disorder produced just one of three types of steroid hormones, that is,
glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens. In fact, it is interesting enough that each adenoma
produced all steroid hormones. But, the quantitative pattern of each steroid hormone production differed
characteristically from one disorder to the other. It was discovered that the symptom varies depending on
the amount of the more predominantly produced hormone among these steroid hormones. Consequently,
adrenal disorders can be classified into the three types before-mentioned. It seems that symptoms of these
disorders were also modified by other steroid hormones being produced simultaneously. Cells of adenoma
in the cases of Cushing's syndrome produced a fair amount of mineralocorticoids as well as cortisol. That
is why hypokalemic alkalosis and hypertension in this disorders developed. In the case of Cushing's
disease due to adrenal hyperplasia, steroid hormone production pattern was similar to that in the control.
In the case of virilizing adrenal tumor, androgens were predominantly produced, with the increased
production of cortisol. In fact, the latter finding was consisted with the patient's Cushingoid appearance.
It was also discovered that the quantitative proportion of the various steroid hormones produced by
isolated adrenal cells, varied depending on the cells which were placed on the different conditions. In the
case of Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocortical adenoma, for example, the quantitative proportion of
mineralocorticoids was higher where no ACTH was added to the medium, compared to that where ACTH
was added. These results appear to correspond with the clinical findings of the above-mentioned
disorders. And, it can be said that these data are convincing for explaining the clinical symptoms.
Effects of Solcoseryl on
Flap Survival
MINORU UEDA, SUSUMU AKITA,
SHUHEI TORII, TOSHIO KANEDA and
TOHRU OKA
pg(s) 22 - 30
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An experiment was performed on the effeet of solcoseryl on the skin flap survival. When the flap
threared with solcoseryl showed slight improvement.
Error Analysis for Measurement
of Tissue Elastic Constant and
its Practical Application
KEN OHARA and SADAYUKI SAKUMA
pg(s) 31 - 40
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This paper examined the availability of a method for calculating the "mean elastic constant" of tissue
and its practical applicability. The error analysis for the elastic constant of tissue was obtained by
theoretical and experimental methods. Its error depends on measured lengths from Computerized
Tomograms (CT), Ultrasonograms (US), CT-values and their deviations. This method can be accurately
applied to soft tissue and organs of 4 cm or more with an error of less than 20% in vivo with the exception
of bone, lungs, and gas filled organs. The procedure we employed for obtaining the "mean elastic
constant" by combining CT with US is presented.
The Elastic Constant of Tissue in the
Body Estimated from Computerized
Tomography and Ultrasonography
-Theoretical Analysis-
SADAYUKI SAKUMA, YUTAKA OKUMURA,
KEN OHARA and TAKEO ISHIGAKl
pg(s) 41 - 46
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This paper describes a method for calculating the elastic constant of tissue. Length measurements
obtained from Ultrasonograms (US) are different from the results obtained from Computerized
Tomograms (CT) when the velocity of sound is compared to standardized water measurements. The
density of tissue PI can be approximated by the equation. ρt = 1-Nc/Nair where Ncand Nair are the CT-values
of tissue and air respectively. The elastic constant (bulk modulus) Kt, sound velocity V, and density
ρt are related through the following equation, V= (Kt/ρt)0.5. The elastic constant Kt is then calculated by,
Kt = Kw (Lc/Lu)2• (1 - Nc/Nair.), where Kw is the bulk modulus of water, and Lc and Lu are the measured
distances from CT and US images respectively.