Nagoya Journal of Medical Science

Three different kinds of' inclusion bodies were found in denervated gastrocnemius muscles of mice. 1. A filamentous inclusion was found in fibers denervated for 18 days or longer and it consisted of a central mass and radiate filaments, one end of which constituted the surrounding normal myofibrils and the other end a part of the central mass. The central mass was composed of an aggregation of fine filamentous segments approximately 140 Å in thickness. The inclusion body or the cytoplasmic body was considered to be derived from disorgnized myofibrils and the I band was the locus of origin. 2. An inclusion consisting of smaller cisternae, approximately 200 Å in width, was found in fibers denervated for 36 days or longer, and 3. that consisting of larger cisternae approximately 75 mµ in width was found in fibers denervated 156 days or longer. The latter two inclusions consisted of membranous structure, and were composed of parallel arrays of many cisternae which were considered to be derived or overdeveloped from the sarcoplasmic reticulums.
The presence of these inclusion bodies was considered as a specific charac- teristic of the injury of nerve fibers in any regions.

Biochemical assay of β-Glucuronidase (abr. GCD) in the serum, in the urine and in the bladder exudate of the urological patients was carried out. The urinary GCD activity had a tendency to be high in the morning and low in the afternoon. GCD activity (µg/ml/hr.) in the 24 hour urine showed a fairly constant level in the same individual, and its daily fluctuation was not significant. The GCD activity was increased in proportion to the incubation time from 16 hours to 28 hours, but the incubation for 24 hours was .considered appropriate for the measurements. The influence of urinaly bacteria on GCD activity was neglected. No difference in GCD activity was noted between the right and left renal urine or between the renal urine and the bladder urine in the normal persons. The GCD activity in the bladder urine and in the bladder exudate following urinary diversion in the case of bladder tumor, particularly in carcinoma, was extensively high. It was decreased significantly after removal of the carcinoma. The high urinary GCD activity in the urine of patients with bladder tumor can be suppressed to a nearly normal level by the administration of D·gIucaro-dilactone (abr. SLA). GCD activity in the bladder exudate can be suppressed to some extent by the intravesical instillation of various carcinostatic agents. The GCD isoenzyme pattern showed two principal peaks, suggesting the existence of at least two isoenzymes.
Histochemically, the amount of black silver granules on the autoradiogram after incubation of bladdf)r tumor with ³H-thymidine was found to be in linear relationship with the degree of its malignancy. In the case of the higher malignancy, the granules that appeared were found to be more dense. This suggests that the autoradiogram technique as weJI as GCD isoenzyme have a significantce in the evaluation of malignancy of the bladder cancer (Broder's classification). DNA synthesis activity was found to be dominant around the proliferating area in the papillary form. Particularly extensive uptake of ³H-thymidine was observed in the area where cancer cells were extremely anaplastic.

The antagonistic activity of reserpine pretreatment on ouabain toxicity was investigated in the guinea pig, with attention paid to the water and potassium unbalance caused by diarrhea.
Reserpine pretreament alone exhibited no protective action against ouabain toxicity, but it was manifested by the administration of potassium chloride. On the other hand, glucose water was ineffective. There was no significant decrease of potassium concentration in the serum in reserpinized animals.
The possible role of potassiun in the antagonistic action of reserpine on ouabain toxicity was discussed.

In the search for tumor sensitivity test to chemotherapeutic agents succinic dehydrogenase activity by neotetrazolium chloride was measured colorimetrically.
The rate of formazan production was proportional to the amount of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, accelerated by the addition of ascorbic acid, and inhibited by the addition of iodoacetic acid.
The inhibitory rate of formazan production of tumor cells treated with chemotherapeutic agents was well correlated with the survival time of mice. Of the chemotherapeutic agents, mitomycin C was the most effective, either singly or in combination with other drugs.
Considering the mechanisms of action of drug and of the host's defense, an in vivo tumor system was studied as a screening test for the chemotherapeutic agents.

Internal mammary artery implantation proposed by Vineberg is now in common use, and its effect on ischemic heart disease has been proved experimentally and clinically by many investigators.
Some problems concerning the procedure, however, have not yet been clarified thoroughly.
In order to elucidate these problems, the Vineberg procedure was experimentally evaluated and compared with three different methods to provide a new blood supply to the ischemic myocardium from a systemic artery.
The structure of vessels pertaining to myocardial revascularization was investigated by means of microangiography, histology and plastic casting method.
Results were analyzed and concluded, as follows:
(1) Though the Vineberg procedure showed a high patency rate, it had some restrictions in length or flow rate of the implant. The myocardial sinusoid described by Vineberg to pertain collateral anastomoses failed to be identified.
(2) Blood supply to the ischemic myocardium from the epicardial side using pericardia! patch showed poor result due to technical difficulties and frequent thrombotic obstructions.
(3) No patency was obtained in the silicon rubber tube grafting method. Improvement in material and shape of the prosthesis should make the clinical application safe and easy.
(4) The patency rate in the autogenous vein grafting method was excellent. Any portion of the myocardium was enabled to be covered with this method by preparing a required length of graft. Development of implanted vein-coronary artery anastomosis in this group was as good as in internal mammary artery implantation.